MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS OF UKRAINE’S DEVELOPMENT

Анотація

Introduction. The article analyzes the current state of Ukraine’s macroeconomic development, its resource and industrial potential, as well as the problems that have affected economic stability since the country gained independence. Key macroeconomic indicators are examined, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and its dynamics per capita, the Human Development Index (HDI), the level of economic freedom, and Ukraine’s positions in international economic and social rankings. Particular attention is paid to the impact of political instability, governance deficiencies, and external factors on economic stagnation and the partial loss of economic and political independence.

Methods. The study employed both general scientific and specialized methods of economic analysis to investigate the macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine’s development. In particular, statistical, comparative, and economic-mathematical methods were applied, enabling a comprehensive assessment of the state of the national economy, the dynamics of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the Human Development Index (HDI), the level of economic freedom, population income, and other key indicators.

The application of these methods allows for a comprehensive assessment of Ukraine’s economic development, identification of the main causes of economic stagnation, evaluation of recovery prospects, and formulation of recommendations for effective economic policy and strategic national development planning.

Results. The territorial, natural-resource, and infrastructural potential of Ukraine is analyzed, including energy, agricultural, and industrial resources, as well as its geographical location, which creates prerequisites for integration into global economic processes. The state of international economic relations and cooperation is assessed, particularly in the context of European integration and Ukraine’s positions in rankings of economic freedom, GDP per capita, military capability, and the Human Development Index.

The study also includes an analysis of prospects for economic recovery and strategies aimed at enhancing national competitiveness, effective utilization of existing resource potential, and increasing investment attractiveness. Special emphasis is placed on the need to improve governance mechanisms, enhance the effectiveness of economic policy, and develop human capital to ensure sustainable economic growth.

Discussion. The analysis of international and national standards for the valuation of economic objects indicates a trend toward improving approaches for determining the value of complex assets and enterprises. Differences between international and national methodologies have been identified, including the use of various valuation instruments and the appropriateness of their application under the current conditions of Ukraine’s economic development. It has been shown that due to the limited development of financial and market mechanisms in the country, the market and income approaches cannot always be applied in full, while the asset-based approach remains a key tool for assessing the economic potential of enterprises. Scholars suggest refining the concept of “enterprise” to better reflect the real economic potential of the object being assessed and to align with international practice.